Systemic Administration of G-CSF Accelerates Bone Regeneration and Modulates Mobilization of Progenitor Cells in a Rat Model of Distraction Osteogenesis

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was shown to promote bone regeneration and mobilization of vascular osteogenic progenitor cells. In this study, we investigated the effects a systemic low dose G-CSF on both consolidation hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), endothelial (EPCs) mesenchymal stromal (MSCs) in rat model distraction osteogenesis (DO). Neovascularization mineralization were longitudinally monitored using positron emission tomography planar scintigraphy. Histological analysis performed number circulating HSPCs, EPCs MSCs studied by flow cytometry. Contrary control group, early phase consolidation, bony bridge with lower osteoclast activity trend an increase osteoblast observed distracted callus whereas, at late significantly neovascularization observed. While no difference between groups, end latency that HSPCs higher 4 days after lengthening. Our results indicate accelerates modulates during DO.